202 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
202 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
id: math-numbers-tez
|
|
title: Math, Numbers & Tez
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
LIGO offers three built-in numerical types: `int`, `nat` and `tez`.
|
|
|
|
## Addition
|
|
|
|
Addition in ligo is acomplished by using the `+` operator. Some type constraints apply; for example you can't add `tez + nat`.
|
|
|
|
In the following example you can find a series of arithmetic operations, including various numerical types. However, some bits of the example won't compile because adding an `int` to a `nat` produces an `int`, not a `nat`. Similiar rules apply for `tez`:
|
|
|
|
<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
<!--Pascaligo-->
|
|
|
|
```pascaligo
|
|
// int + int produces int
|
|
const a: int = 5 + 10;
|
|
// nat + int produces int
|
|
const b: int = 5n + 10;
|
|
// tez + tez produces tez
|
|
const c: tez = 5mutez + 10mutez;
|
|
// you can't add tez + int or tez + nat, this won't compile
|
|
// const d: tez = 5mutez + 10n;
|
|
// two nats produce a nat
|
|
const e: nat = 5n + 10n;
|
|
// nat + int produces an int, this won't compile
|
|
// const f: nat = 5n + 10;
|
|
const g: int = 1_000_000;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> Pro tip: you can use underscores for readability when defining large numbers
|
|
>
|
|
>```pascaligo
|
|
>const g: int = 1_000_000;
|
|
>```
|
|
|
|
<!--Cameligo-->
|
|
|
|
```cameligo
|
|
// int + int produces int
|
|
let a: int = 5 + 10
|
|
// nat + int produces int
|
|
let b: int = 5n + 10
|
|
// tez + tez produces tez
|
|
let c: tez = 5mutez + 10mutez
|
|
// you can't add tez + int or tez + nat, this won't compile
|
|
// const d: tez = 5mutez + 10n
|
|
// two nats produce a nat
|
|
let e: nat = 5n + 10n
|
|
// nat + int produces an int, this won't compile
|
|
// const f: nat = 5n + 10
|
|
let g: int = 1_000_000
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> Pro tip: you can use underscores for readability when defining large numbers
|
|
>
|
|
>```cameligo
|
|
>let g: int = 1_000_000;
|
|
>```
|
|
|
|
<!--Reasonligo-->
|
|
|
|
```reasonligo
|
|
// int + int produces int
|
|
let a: int = 5 + 10;
|
|
// nat + int produces int
|
|
let b: int = 5n + 10;
|
|
// tez + tez produces tez
|
|
let c: tez = 5mutez + 10mutez;
|
|
// you can't add tez + int or tez + nat, this won't compile
|
|
// let d: tez = 5mutez + 10n;
|
|
let e: nat = 5n + 10n;
|
|
// nat + int produces an int, this won't compile
|
|
// let f: nat = 5n + 10;
|
|
let g: int = 1_000_000;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
> Pro tip: you can use underscores for readability when defining large numbers
|
|
>
|
|
>```reasonligo
|
|
>let g: int = 1_000_000;
|
|
>```
|
|
|
|
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
|
|
## Subtraction
|
|
|
|
The simpliest substraction looks like this:
|
|
|
|
> ⚠️ Even when subtracting two `nats`, the result is an `int`
|
|
|
|
<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
<!--Pascaligo-->
|
|
```pascaligo
|
|
const a: int = 5 - 10;
|
|
// substraction of two nats, yields an int
|
|
const b: int = 5n - 2n;
|
|
// won't compile, result is an int, not a nat
|
|
// const c: nat = 5n - 2n;
|
|
const d: tez = 5mutez - 1mt;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Cameligo-->
|
|
```cameligo
|
|
let a: int = 5 - 10
|
|
// substraction of two nats, yields an int
|
|
let b: int = 5n - 2n
|
|
// won't compile, result is an int, not a nat
|
|
// const c: nat = 5n - 2n
|
|
let d: tez = 5mutez - 1mt
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Reasonligo-->
|
|
```reasonligo
|
|
let a: int = 5 - 10;
|
|
// substraction of two nats, yields an int
|
|
let b: int = 5n - 2n;
|
|
// won't compile, result is an int, not a nat
|
|
// let c: nat = 5n - 2n;
|
|
let d: tez = 5mutez - 1mt;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Multiplication
|
|
|
|
You can multiply values of the same type, such as:
|
|
|
|
<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
<!--Pascaligo-->
|
|
|
|
```pascaligo
|
|
const a: int = 5 * 5;
|
|
const b: nat = 5n * 5n;
|
|
// you can also multiply `nat` and `tez`
|
|
const c: tez = 5n * 5mutez;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Cameligo-->
|
|
```cameligo
|
|
let a: int = 5 * 5
|
|
let b: nat = 5n * 5n
|
|
// you can also multiply `nat` and `tez`
|
|
let c: tez = 5n * 5mutez
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Reasonligo-->
|
|
```reasonligo
|
|
let a: int = 5 * 5;
|
|
let b: nat = 5n * 5n;
|
|
// you can also multiply `nat` and `tez`
|
|
let c: tez = 5n * 5mutez;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Division
|
|
|
|
In LIGO you can divide `int`, `nat`, and `tez`. Here's how:
|
|
|
|
> ⚠️ Division of two `tez` values results into a `nat`
|
|
|
|
<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
<!--Pascaligo-->
|
|
```pascaligo
|
|
const a: int = 10 / 3;
|
|
const b: nat = 10n / 3n;
|
|
const c: nat = 10mutez / 3mutez;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Cameligo-->
|
|
```cameligo
|
|
let a: int = 10 / 3
|
|
let b: nat = 10n / 3n
|
|
let c: nat = 10mutez / 3mutez
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--Reasonligo-->
|
|
```reasonligo
|
|
let a: int = 10 / 3;
|
|
let b: nat = 10n / 3n;
|
|
let c: nat = 10mutez / 3mutez;
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
|
|
## From `int` to `nat` and back
|
|
|
|
You can *cast* an `int` to a `nat` and vice versa, here's how:
|
|
|
|
<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
|
|
<!--Pascaligo-->
|
|
```pascaligo
|
|
const a: int = int(1n);
|
|
const b: nat = abs(1);
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS--> |