ligo/gitlab-pages/docs/language-basics/cheat-sheet.md

id	title
cheat-sheet	Cheat Sheet

Primitive	Example
Strings	"Tezos"
Characters	"t"
Integers	42, 7
Natural numbers	42n, 7n
Unit	unit
Boolean	const hasDriversLicense: bool = False; const adult: bool = True;
Boolean Logic	(not True) == False == (False and True) == (False or False)
Mutez (micro tez)	42mtz, 7mtz
Address	"tz1KqTpEZ7Yob7QbPE4Hy4Wo8fHG8LhKxZSx", "KT1JepfBfMSqkQyf9B1ndvURghGsSB8YCLMD"
Addition	3 + 4, 3n + 4n
Multiplication & Division	3 * 4, 3n * 4n, 10 / 5, 10n / 5n
Modulo	10 mod 3
Tuples	type name is (string * string); const winner: name = ("John", "Doe"); const firstName: string = winner.0; const lastName: string = winner.1;
Types	type age is int, type name is string
Includes	#include "library.ligo"
Functions (short form)	function add (const a : int ; const b : int) : int is   block { skip } with a + b
Functions (long form)	function add (const a : int ; const b : int) : int is   block {     const result: int = a + b;   } with result
If Statement	if age < 16 then fail("Too young to drive."); else const new_id: int = prev_id + 1;
Options	type middleName is option(string); const middleName : middleName = Some("Foo"); const middleName : middleName = None;
Assignment	const age: int = 5;
Assignment on an existing variable ⚠️ This feature is not supported at the top-level scope, you can use it e.g. within functions. Works for Records and Maps as well.	age := 18;, p.age := 21
Type Annotations	("tz1KqTpEZ7Yob7QbPE4Hy4Wo8fHG8LhKxZSx" : address)
Variants	type action is | Increment of int | Decrement of int
Variant (pattern) matching	const a: action = Increment(5); case a of | Increment(n) -> n + 1 | Decrement(n) -> n - 1 end
Records	type person is record   age: int ;   name: string ; end const john : person = record   age = 18;   name = "John Doe"; end const name: string = john.name;
Maps	type prices is map(nat, tez); const prices : prices = map   10n -> 60mtz;   50n -> 30mtz;   100n -> 10mtz; end const price: option(tez) = prices[50n]; prices[200n] := 5mtz;
Contracts & Accounts	const destinationAddress : address = "tz1..."; const contract : contract(unit) = get_contract(destinationAddress);
Transactions	const payment : operation = transaction(unit, amount, receiver);
Exception/Failure	fail("Your descriptive error message for the user goes here.")