Intead of providing a `fitness` function, an economic protocol should
now call `Context.set_fitness`.
This simplify the shell's code and avoid complexity on protocol
change. Previously the fitness of a context produced by the old protocol
had to be read by the new protocol. Now, the shell read the context
without requesting the help of the economic protocol.
This refactors `src/node/shell/state.ml` in order to trace the source of
blocks and operations. This prepares the node for the three-pass
validator.
In the procces, it adds an in-memory overlay for blocks and operations.
* Read TEZOS_PROTOCOL in json format
* Define Protocol module here
* Fix dependent modules to use Protocol defined here
* Compute hash of protocol if absent in TEZOS_PROTOCOL
